Sometime conflicts can lead to physical violence and may last long without solution. Both of these rationalities are expressions of goaldirected behavior, but their conceptions of costs widely diverge. Poverty, inequality, and conflict in developing countries. Ethnic conflict, a form of conflict in which the objectives of at least one party are defined in ethnic terms, and the conflict, its antecedents, and possible solutions are perceived along ethnic lines. The contributors to this volume offer a 360degree perspective on ethnic conflict. Causes of conflict in sri lanka citizenship right when sri lanka gained independence in 1948, the sri lankan government passed the ceylon citizenship act of 1948. Competing theories of ethnic conflict in the caucasus abstract. This act granted citizenship only to those who were either born in sri lanka or whose forefathers were born there. Religion and conflict sara silvestri january 2016 the role of religion in international relations and its relationship with conflict and with peacebuilding is increasingly acknowledged but remains disputed.
The causes of the conflicts between ifes and modakekes are many and. Resolve darfur history of darfur history of sudan darfur conflict multidimensional analyses identify the decision and action of domestic elites. Almost always we attribute conflict at work to the people at work. Such conflicts have existed all over the world for centuries, but in the last 20 years, after the fall of communism, they are in the focus of public attention due to the war in rwanda, the events in eastern europe, and the. But incidence of ethnic violence was different in varying country. Causes, consequences, and responses cordell, karl, wolff, stefan on. There is a general perception that africa is trapped in a neverending cycle of ethnic conflict. This book makes an important of the key lessons learnt from the book. The proximate causes of many internal conflicts are the decisions and actions of domestic elites. This article examines the framing of ethnic conflict in northeast india, focusing on militant groups and insurgency in the hill areas of assam and a form of political violence known locally. Ethnic conflict causes and implications by lyn jang on prezi.
Because of strong religious and ethnic hostility, some. Based on the lived experiences of the ethnic group leaders, newspapers are culpable in the emergence and escalation of ethnic conflict as a result of these stimulations. The model also incorporates a major concern in the analysis of religiousethnic con. The rwandan genocide, darfur, northern nigeria, cote divoire, and the violent aftermath of the controversial kenyan elections, among other cases, seemingly substantiate this perception. Scholars and diplomats have been frustrated in their attempts to understand and control these wars. Concepts and theories 25 of treaties and the coining of money is independent of the government of the associated states, and, on the other hand, state governments which in certain matters are, in their turn, independent of the general government. A definitive global survey of the interaction of race, ethnicity, nationalism and politics, this handbook blends theoretically grounded, rigorous analysis with empirical illustrations, to provide a stateofthe art overview of the contemporary debates on one of the most pervasive international security challenges today. I searched through several books in several libraries until i found this book, consequences of ethnic conflict.
Violent confrontation along ethnic lines is the most apparent form of ethnic con. In developing country incidence were low and in the developing sever. Literature concerning ethnic conflict generally consists of similar methods and forms of analysis, focusing on ethnic conflict in broad terms and employing large nsize studies. Ethnic conflict was also a big deal after world war ii and during the cold war, when decolonization left different ethnic groups fighting over. Theory and facts this copy is for your personal, noncommercial use only. Causes of ethnic conflict ethnic conflict has one of the most prominent issues in the country where there are multi ethnic citizen and also become a global concern.
Due to recent efforts at reforms and democratisation, myanmar has come under the light of the media and the ethnic clashes have attracted more attention than they ever have in. If you wish to distribute this article to others, you can order highquality copies for your following the guidelines here. The study shows that given the circumstance that led to the birth of modakeke. By proposing a typology of armed conflict, the study seeks to achieve analytical clarity and contribute to conflict analysis. Pdf on jan 1, 2011, jack david eller and others published ethnic conflict. Causes, consequences, and responses by karl cordell. Ethnic education and mother tonguebased teaching in myanmar ashley south and marie lall february 2016. Continuous examination of the causes of ethnic conflict is necessary, so that we may develop a better understanding of what causes the breakdown of peace in various multi ethnic contexts and create a more comprehensive basis for peacebuilding conflict and post development in ethnically divided societies. In this context, ethnicity is often viewed as a determinant not only of cultural or religious belonging, but also of conflicting intergroup interests.
Alexandre marc, chief specialist, fragility, conflict and violence world bank group. An ethnic conflict is a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups. The second part of the book, which explores options for preventing and resolving such conflicts, develops proposals for international action. Even in the modern world, wars that are ethnically instigated remain to be the greatest basic form of armed wars in different parts of the world brass, 1991. These conflict studies concentrate mostly on inertstate wars and intrastate armed. The impact of ethnic conflict on economic development. Religious bigotry between christians and moslems is one of the key causes of ethnic conflict in nigeria. Muller points to the peace and stability in europe today as evidence of the triumph of the ethnonationalist project. If you need help writing your assignment, please use our custom writing services and buy a paper on any of the political science research paper topics. The causes of ethnic conflicts byu scholarsarchive.
The contributors offer a 360degree perspective on ethnic conflict. The root causes of workplace conflict are often systemic by tammy lenski, ed. The contributors to this volume offer a 360degree perspective on ethnic. A systemic approach to conflict analysis and transformation abstract myanmar is the scene of one of the longest on going conflicts in the world. The causes of ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies. Developing country management ethnic conflict by participation and justice policy that the equality is the best way for resolve this problem.
The conflict is usually not about ethnic differences themselves but over. Causes of ethnic conflict in nigeria are many but we will focus on primary ones that government should deal with to stop the menace at once. A conference is being held in addis ababa to try and resolve the situation before it escalates further. Numerous theories and much research attempts to explain the causes of ethnic conflict. Misinterpreting ethnic conflicts in africa africa center. Human rights in russia and the former soviet republics 22 ethnic conflict by kristina libby since the fall of the soviet union, russia has experienced high levels of ethnic conflict with regard to exit claims by former satellite states that. See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this.
While the source of the conflict may be political, social, economic or religious, the individuals in conflict must expressly fight for their ethnic groups position within society. Human rights in russia and the former soviet republics 22 ethnic conflict by kristina libby since the fall of the soviet union, russia has experienced high levels of ethnic conflict with. Apr 30, 2010 there is a general perception that africa is trapped in a neverending cycle of ethnic conflict. Conflict and violence in the 21st century current trends as observed in empirical research and statistics mr. Ethnicconflict and its manifestations in the politics of recognition in a multiethnic niger delta region. In the past, ethnic clash has often been an element of international politics. This final criterion differentiates ethnic conflict from other forms of struggle. However there are often other causes root causes of conflict that are part of the organizational culture and environment systemic factors.
Free example of ethnicity as a source of conflict essay ethnic conflicts have been a great threat to many countries stability in todays world. Ethnic conflicts were the main forms of political instability in the multi ethnic societies during. The conflict is usually not about ethnic differences themselves but over political, economic. The pro tracted nature of the conflict inflicted devastating and deeply felt consequences at the human, social, physical, and institutional level. Explaining refugee movements in the southeast asiapacific region.
It often involves systematic attacks on civilian populations and is therefore also the major source of most of the worlds 9. In poor and highly indebted countries, economic and environmental decline, asset depletion, and erosion of the subsistence base lead to further impoverishment and food insecurity for vast sectors of the population. History shows that religious intolerance was the cause of the riot that took place in kano on may 1, 1953 which began a series of violent attacks against nonmuslims in the country. Levels, actors, interests and solutions posted on january 16, 2014 by andrew tyrus maina what started as a minor mutiny in south sudan is slowly turning into a civil war. Importantly, ethnic conflict has gained much attention since the end of the cold war. What started as a minor mutiny in south sudan is slowly turning into a civil war. Stefan wolff find, read and cite all the research you need on. Acknowledgements our thanks go to the respondents in mon, kachin and karen kayin as well as those we met in yangon and other parts of myanmar, thailand and china. Ethnic conflict is the most common type of internal armed conflict in the world. The study also discovered that conflict can sometimes produce positive result, if well managed. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Encyclopedia of arkansas history and culture, little rock.
You can trace causes of ethnic conflict to amalgamation, religious differences, inequality, lack of transparent governance, long military incursion in government and lack of vision or nigerian dream, to mention but a few. Continuous examination of the causes of ethnic conflict is necessary, so that we may develop a better understanding of what causes the breakdown of peace in various multiethnic contexts and create a more comprehensive basis for peacebuilding conflict and. More than 60 per cent of the top 100 thinktanks listed in the university pennsylvania survey in 2012 study conflicts and issues related to conflicts. Ethnic conflict, political violence and wars that presently shape many parts of world have deepseated structural causes. It was great to have all the information in one easytoread reference. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. I hate to think of how much time my research would have taken otherwise. Causes, consequences, responses, by karl cordell and stefan wolff. Instrumental rationality entails a strict costbenefit calculus with respect to goals, necessi. In many countries and many periods a persons ethnic identity has profound consequences for his or her physical safety, political status, and economic prospects. It is difficult to resolve ethnic conflict due to the differences in issue and background. Investigating the causes and consequences of ethnic conflict, the authors argue that the most effective responses are those that take into account factors at the local, state, regional and global level and which avoid seeking simplistic explanations and solutions to what is a truly complex phenomenon. Political violence, ethnic conflict, and contemporary wars. The challenge of ethnic conflict central intelligence agency.
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